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Vehicles
Transportation is a whole different paradigm in Togo. Few people own their own vehicles, those who do have vehicles with lots of personality, the roads are... well... I hesitate to call them roads... and public transportation is a true adventure.

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Wednesday November 19 2003
There and back again
(a short Canadian's tale)

Finding your way around various cities and villages is its own type of challenge for a stranger. This is due to the fact that there are no street names or house number, only landmarks that you would only recognize if you have lived there your whole life. There is no such thing as a map of Kpalimé. I had to create one myself for the Hotel Agbeviade site. I think this excerpt from Kathleen Fodrek's journal describes it well:

"I spent my first 4 days in the capital Lomé. It’s kind of a crazy place. It’s huge, yet there are no street names, nor public transit. You get around in taxis and moto-taxis, and you tell them the “Cartier” (like a subdivision) where you want to go, along with the nearest major landmark. To give you an idea, my host mom in Lomé wrote out the directions to their house so I could find my way home on my own: go to Cartier “Totsi”, to the “pharmacie de la paix”, right where the old marché (market) used to be, where there is a Baobab tree now!!!! And of course, every taxi driver knows exactly where this non-existent marché is!"

In addition to this, is the fact that a taxi-driver may say that he knows where he's going, but you definitely can't take his word for it. They will often drive around aimlessly, even though they say they know where they are going, and you have to point out each turn that needs to be made.

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Thurs Oct 16
Moto-taxi madness
The moto-taxi is a strange beast indeed. "moto" is French for motorbike. Thus, a "moto-taxi" is a taxi-motorbike. They are actually more like fast scooters.

The moto-taxi was born in the adjacent country of Benin. It came into being about 10 years ago as a result of excess poverty. There was no work, motorbikes are cheap, and people had no money for cars, so the fares for taking a moto taxi are super-cheap. 100 francs (about a quarter) will get you just about anywhere in Kpalimé. Let me tell you, this is a pretty compelling price as opposed to walking for half an hour in blistering heat, knowing that you will have to spend another half hour upon arrival to wash your ridulously sweaty clothes as a result of that walk!

There are five stages to taking a moto-taxi

    1. Not getting a moto-taxi ride
    2. Getting a moto-taxi ride
    3. Riding the moto-taxi
    4. Directing the moto-taxi
    5. Disembarking and paying

Step 1 – NOT getting a moto-taxi ride
The first step may sound confusing, what is the big deal about "not getting a moto-taxi ride". Allow my to explain, moto-taxis are constantly driving up and down the road, there is hardly a time when there will not be a moto-taxi in sight. Since I am white, every moto-taxi driver assumes that I want a ride at all times. Therefore, EVERY moto-taxi that drives by me gives a little honk that mean "want a ride?" If I don't somehow signal that I do NOT want a ride (usually by shaking my hand back and forth in a 'no' motion) the driver will stare my down until I DO confirm. I have learned to do this 'no' wave even when I just hear one coming from behind, I don't even look anymore, I just put up the no flag before he gets to me. The main reason I do this so quickly is that I fear for their safety. Again, allow me to explain. If I DON'T give a moto-taxi driver coming up from behind me some kind of signal, he will drive past me, then once he is past me he will turn his head all the way around and stare at me, giving a "do you want a ride" expression, all while still driving forward without looking at the road! He won't look back at the road until I say I don't want a ride! That is the art of "not taking a moto-taxi"

Step 2 – Getting a moto-taxi ride
The second step is getting a moto taxi. As you can assume from the first paragraph, that is easy. I will often be 100 meters up some dirt road off the main road, and a moto-taxi driver will spot my as he drives past this side road, drive a little ways up the road and stick his hand high in the air to indicate that he will take me. If I stick my hand high in the air, over he comes. The longest it would ever take me to get a moto-taxi ride once out my front door is about 80 seconds, it's kind of like New York that way.

One of the keys in getting a moto-taxi, is to look for ones that are beat up ones, that way you know that they can't go to fast. This bring us to the next step…

Step 3 – Riding the moto-taxi
I think a moto-taxi with two people can probably go about 40km/h. I say "probably" because I have yet to see a functional speedo-meter. The passenger site on a seat directly behind the driver. There is often a small bar around the seat which can be grabbed for stabilization. However, the bar is pretty much directly between your legs, and the same point as your point of rotation, so it really doesn’t do much. Fortunately the moto-taxi doesn’t have much kick so it is possible to sit on the back without shaking around too much.

Being on asphalt roads can be kind of spooky, because the moto can reach fast enough speeds, and the surface is hard enough that you know some serious damage could be done if you fell. The real fun though is on the side roads. The side roads are made of dirt, and are best described as “undulated”. Because of their extreme non-flatness, the driver is forced to go slowly, while also manoeuvring around many obstacles and people. This is rather fun because the driver is going all over the place, and slowly enough that you could fall off without any problem.

Every now and then something out of the ordinary may happen, like a car might be following, give a honk telling the moto-taxi driver to get out of the middle of the road, which he reluctantly does eventually and the car passes. What is interesting about this is that the moto-taxi driver will then proceed to discuss this event while driver, sometimes becoming rather angry… I just smile and nod.

Step 4 – Directing the moto-taxi
The fact a moto-taxi driver says that he knows where the destination is that your requested has absolutely no correlation with him actually knowing where to go. Directions are quite often required, pointing this way and that until reaching the final destination. Sometimes the drivers are offended by this; one time I pointed rather late to the necessary turn-off because the driver said he knew where he was going. When I insisted on making the turn, he reluctantly did so rather sheepishly. When we arrived at the destination he angrily said to me that he wanted to go around the other way. The next closest way around would have taken us at least another 3 minutes, with more dirt paths. I just smiled and nodded.

Step 5 – Disembarking and paying for the Moto-Taxi
This part is easy, hop off, toss him 100£, and say goodbye! The tricky part is that you have to have exactly 100£, don’t expect them to EVER have any change. The problem here is that the bank gave me mostly 5000£ and 10000£ bills (like having $10s and $20s), but they would NEVER be able to change that.

And there you have it, the moto-taxi!

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Monday Oct 27, 2003
Moto-Taxi 2 - The Dark Side
The moto-taxi at night is a whole different beast. Let us review the basics of steps of taking a moto-taxi, it consists of 5 distinct steps:

    1. Not getting a moto-taxi ride
    2. Getting a moto-taxi ride
    3. Riding the moto-taxi
    4. Directing the moto-taxi
    5. Disembarking and paying

While steps 4 and 5 don’t change (much) at night, steps 1-3 do.

Step 1, not getting a moto-taxi ride at night, is much easier than not getting one during the day. The is primarily due to the fact that there are no streetlights (well, maybe 2) in Kpalimé, and my skin looks as black as the next person’s in pitch blackness. So the automatic “Yovo want’s a ride” honk doesn’t come into effect.

Step 2, Getting a moto-taxi ride at night, is much more difficult for the same reasons that step one is easier. The technique then, is to stand under one (of the two) street lights in Kpalimé, so that my white skin becomes quite obvious, at which point the first available moto-taxi will stop. At times, even moto-taxi’s that have a fare will yell “j’arrive!” as they drive by, meaning “I’m coming” as soon as they drop of their fare. It is these over-ambitous drivers that cause a possible extra night-time wrinkle in step 5…

Step 3, riding the moto-taxi at night is where the biggest difference is found. All the details are in the lights. The headlight on a moto-taxi at night is about as strong as my lemon powered light bulb in my 6 grade science fair project. As such, it is important to specify “doucement”, or “go gently” when travelling at night. Of course, they don’t usually crash at night because I guess they must have some kind of infrared night superhuman cat-like night-vision that I just don’t posess. I have confidence in that night-vision of course, but I they honour my “doucement” to humour the Yovo. What’s even better about the night light, is that whenever the moto-taxi speeds up, slows down, shifts gears, or turns a corner, the light gets even dimmer, and sometimes goes out for a moment (which doesn’t faze their cat-like vision of course)!

Step 4, giving directions, doesn’t change, except that night drivers are usually chattier, and may forget your directions by the time you finish your en-route discussion.

Step 5, the payment, doesn’t change, usually, except that some drivers try to pull the ‘ol 50 francs extra at night trick, especially the ambitious ones mentioned in step 2. That’s when I have to pull the old “100 francs c’est tout que j’en a dans mon poche” trick, meaning “100 francs is all I’ve got in my pocket”. More on that when I tackle the subject of bartering…

So then I give the driver a Bon-Soir, and he’s off to terrorize his next victim in the night!

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Saturday December 6 2003
Grandpa Smurf – Where’s E-on?

(I don't think you'll find your tail here...)
Kpalimé is a town of moto-taxis, or little scooters. There are not really many cars, so I am getting to know each of the non-moto vehicles in town because I see them often. One day, as I was walking down the street, I saw Grandpa Smurf, which is my friend Ian's car! "What’s This?!" I said to myself, "Has Ian come to Togo without telling me? If so, why didn't he let me know he was coming? Maybe he doesn't know my new e-mail address is tim@berezny.com, maybe he doesn't realize that I live just down the street from where he's parked, maybe he doesn't know how to ask for directions to find me because he's terrible at French..." The questions just kept pouring through my head. So, Mr.Ian Frey, I know you're here, I have photo evidence of your car 'Grandpa Smurf' here in Kpalimé Togo, you can't deny it, show yourself!

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Tuesday December 23
Accidents, a way of life (or a way of death)

For the Christmas holidays I left Kpalimé and headed up to Kara. Kara is in north of Togo, and home of the Kabyé (pronounced Cab-Yay) people. President Eyedema is from this area, and has Kabyé roots. As such, he has apparently put some extra money into this town. You wouldn't really know that by looking at it though, except for noticing a few large nice buildings that people aren't quite sure what they are used for, and a very large, unfinished overgrown coliseum type building that looks like allot of money was wasted on it.

The drive up to Kara was interesting. The first thing that struck me was the high number of car accidents. Driving through Adéta, which is about 1/2 hour north of Kpalimé, we saw a bicycler try and slip through some cars that he shouldn’t have, then run into the side of a car that was turning (he was okay I think). Shortly after there was a one lane bridge, and we were going to arrive at it way in advance of the oncoming car, but the oncoming car just sped up to beat us to the bridge, and we had to come to a screeching halt. Then there were a number of abandoned cars on the side of the road, as well as truck drivers walking around the outside of their broken down trucks, trying to figure out why it won't run.


An accident so large that they cut a new road around it.

Eventually, we came to what looked like a large cargo truck accident. The truck, and possible other vehicles were across the whole road and everything was on fire. Apparently the road had been blocked for a while, because there was another dirt road that had actually been bulldozed around the accident through the adjacent forest. The detour road was only wide enough for one car, so there were civilians (many civilians) on each side of the detour managing the passageway. Of course, they would only let you pass if you coughed up some money. Big accident = big money making opportunity. Strangely enough there were no police or army personnel there to manage it, which I did not understand.

Eventually we made it to a mountain pass. Much of the road ran along the edge of a big cliff. We came upon a caravan of trucks, who were probably not going any faster than 2 km/h, because they were so afraid of their brakes burning out (It wouldn't surprise me if their standard to decide when brakes should be replaced is only once they don't work at all any more).

The really sad thing as we were driving up the mountain was the number of broken guard rails where you could tell that cars had just flown over the edge. There were many sections with guard rails, and there would always be at least one section with a hole. Sometime the entire guard rail had been ripped off. There was also debris of vehicles down in the pits off the side of the road that could at times be seen.

Once we made it to Kara, we saw two car/moto-taxi accidents. In the second one that we saw there was a moto-taxi entirely underneath a car, but I didn't see any body so I think the driver may have hopped off in time.

I realized that this is a way of life here, every time you go in a car you really do put your life on the line (true in Canada also, but not even close to the same extent) Many of the Togolese attribute this to "bad spirits" rather than connecting it with speed and dangerous driving.

For the first time since I got here (or ever in my life really) I started to feel very vulnerable, that life was very very fragile.

Death is a way of life here. (More on this in another article, as this idea ties in with many other observations). This was a scary revelation, because I am just as vulnerable as any of them. Many travellers don't realize that in Africa, the most dangerous thing to travellers is not malaria or typhoid or bugs that burrow into your spine, but vehicle accidents.

I think that this is because the third world is stuck in a place where it has some of the privileges of the developed world, but doesn't have the infrastructure to responsibly use it (i.e. Enforce/educate driving laws, traffic lights and signs, maintain roads, paint dividing lines on the roads, maintain cars so that their doors don't fall off etc...). There also seems to be this wacky idea that if you can afford something expensive, you have to push it as far as it will go. This is best illustrated in the way the Togolese play their music. They will almost ALWAYS have it pumped up as loud as it can go, and sit right in front of the 4 foot speakers playing it. I just don't get it; it's painful to even walk near those places. Any car that is playing music in their radio will also have it pumped up to such levels that you can't hope to have a discussion with anybody in the car. Even in hotel with, the only shows on the television that are playing might be in some language that nobody understands, but the television stays on none-the-less. I think this attitude transfers to driving habits too... "I have power in my car, so now I have to use it to the max".

This attitude of course is quite unbalanced, but I think that it is a result of them having very little power over other aspects of their lives, over their finances, their jobs, their success; they have to transfer their need for control somewhere else.

All of this makes me feel quite physically vulnerable, and certainly very uneasy about travel, but it is kind of a necessary evil.

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